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Jack-Ass
Penguins. Boulder's Beach. Simon's Town. (Notice the excellent shape of
the wave in the background of the photograph above.). Penguins are also
seen in Kommetjie, occasionally at Cape Point and on Robben Island.
African (Jackass) Penguins (Sphensicus
demersus) are so called for the donkey-like braying sounds they make when
on land. There are only 16 penguin species worldwide. Jackass Penguins are
endemic to mainly offshore islands and only three mainland sites on South
Africa’s coast, Simon’s Town is one of the total of 28 world sites
where they occur. The colony, started by the penguins themselves at
Boulders Beach, is unique in that they have voluntarily inhabited suburbia
and a public bathing space. Despite a traumatic history of dog and cat
attacks, egg poaching and vicious landowners, they have increased from a
few individuals to a colony of over 1000 penguins. This is in large part
due to the diligence of Mr. van der Merwe (Van, the Penguin Man), a retired
naval officer who is single-minded in his care taking and protection.
Jackass Penguins are birds that are almost totally
adapted to life at sea and can spend long periods without landing. They
feed on oil-rich pilchards, but have to feed on other fish and squid due
to competition from commercial fisheries and increased seal populations.
At sea they "fly" through the water with specially modified
wings, and can attain speeds of 2.5km/hr to over 7 km/hr. Unlike whales
and seals, penguins do not have blubber to insulate them against the cold,
but they have a layer of air trapped beneath their feathers which gets
severely damaged when coming into contact with an oil spill. Their nests
are shallow hollows in soil or stones where usually two eggs are laid.
Males and females share breeding and feeding duties by regurgitating fish.
Agile as they are in the sea, so are they clumsy on
land, making them vulnerable to exploitation by humans and predators.
Early sailors and settlers harvested penguins to the extent that from
several million in the late 1800’s there are now only some 100 000
remaining. Although fully protected by law, the Jackass Penguins still
face numerous threats. Chief among these are oil spills from ocean-going
ships which means certain death to thousands, if oil is washed into the
feeding or breeding areas.
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Fortunately, the Southern African National
Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) was formed 20
years ago to help rescue penguins from oil spills and other disasters. 10
000 penguins were individually caught and treated successfully in just one
oil spill incident.
SANCCOB operates a rescue and rehabilitation center for
injured seabirds near Tableview. It is funded solely by membership fees
and public donations, and has been scientifically proved to be the most
successful sea bird rehabilitation center in the world.
Picture and Text from
http://www.ccm.co.za
. This site is
definitely worth visiting if you are planning a trip to Cape Town. |
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